Book Review on Black In Blue:
A Study of the Negro Policeman by
Nicholas Alex
Nicholas Alex, assistant professor of sociology at The City University
of New York, holds a Ph.D. from the New School for Social Research and a
B.S. from the Wharton School. He was formerly a research assistant with
the Russell Sage Foundation, an instructor at Adelphi University, and
has had working experience in his academic specialty-the sociology of
professions and occupations-while an industrial engineer in the aircraft
industry, later as business manager of the Walden School. This is his
first book.
In this book Alex made an effort to examine the peculiar problems of
Negro policemen who live in an age which has not yet resolved to problem
of inequality in an assertedly democratic society. He drawn heavily on
the reflections of forty-one Negro policemen who made plain to me the
difficulties involved in being black in blue. Alex was concerned with
the ways in which the men were recruited into the police, the nature of
their relations in regard to their immediate clientele, their
counterparts, and the rest of society. In the broadest terms, the book
examines the special problems that Negro policemen face in their efforts
to reconcile their race with their work in the present framework of
American values and beliefs.
The research for the study was based on intensive interviews collected
over a period of eleven months, from December 1964 to October 1965.
During that time the author talked with Negro police engaged in
different types of police specialties, and men of different rank and
backgrounds. Alex was interested in preserving their anonymity, and
substituted code numbers for names. The language in which their thoughts
were expressed is unchanged.
Most of the interviews were obtained either at the policeman's home or
the authors. Some were held in parks, playgrounds, and luncheonettes.
All of the interviews were open-ended. All the policemen refused to have
there conversations taped. "I know too well what tapes can do to you,"
said one. "I can refute what you write down on that pad, but I can't if
it's taped. We use tapes too, you know." The author was dealing with a
highly expressive and literate group of men who thought of the study as
a way in which they could make themselves heard.
This book is organized very well. It consist of eight chapters, and each
chapter is broken into subdivisions. The first chapter talks about the
policemen in the community. Within this chapter mainly describes the
police as and occupation, and states how the policemen's job is
uncertain. The second chapter deals with the recruitment of Negroes for
police work. It talks about the need for Negro policemen, and the
reasons for entering the police work. The author states in this chapter
that most Negro policemen applied for police work only as one
possibility among other similar civil service jobs. The next chapter
describes the police image and the difference between good cops and bad
cops. The author describes a good cop as someone who knows his job, has
a well-integrated personality, and someone who tries to understand the
particular problems in the community that he works. He describes a bad
cop as the guy who puts on a uniform and becomes 10 feet tall. In my
community there is a cop that relates to that statement. The only reason
he is tough is because he has a badge on his shirt. I would like to meet
him in a dark alley when no one else is around, and without him wearing
his badge. Then we can see who is the tough guy.
The next chapter is a very interesting one. It deals with the Negro
policemen and his white counter part. It talks about how the Negro
policemen feel they are viewed by white policemen. They feel that the
white cops look at them as an oddity. It also talks about how the Negro
police men feel about the white cops. The Negro policemen interviewed
feel that most whites are narrow minded, bigoted and opinionated ,
middle class in their thinking. The fifth chapter is about the Negro
policemen and the white community. One policemen interview said, "From a
personal point of view I don't feel as comfortable as I would in a Negro
neighborhood."
The sixth chapter deals with the Negro community. It talks about the
different social classes within the community. It also talks about the
Negro policeman and the civil rights movement. The last chapter deals
with the police uniform and how it is a symbol of the authority, power,
and legal status of the police. It also talks about how it can be
considered a target for the department. The most interesting subject
targeted in this chapter is how the Negro policeman out of uniform faces
all the humiliations of being a Negro, especially when he leaves the
ghetto.
This book consist of a great deal of information. The author could have
presented the data in a different manner. He did not present both sides
of the issue. He only took forty-one Negro police officers and based his
information on that. The author should at least included a chapter on
how white police officers feel about Negro policemen. Also in chapter
six he only discusses how the Negro policemen think the white community
feels about them. He should have interview residents in the white
community and ask how they feel about Negroes patrolling their town.
Alex presented findings in and interesting manor. He includes mostly all
of the questions he asked, and then paraphrased different answers from
different policemen. The audience most likely to read this book is the
black community.
I believe that this book is written in a one sided manor As I previously
wrote the author only interviewed black policemen. He should have at
least found out how the whites feel about the Negro policemen. The
information in this book is very outdated. I would like to see the
author or one of his colleagues write a similar book dealing with
today's society. I believe it would be very interesting.
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